The E-Sylum v7#46, November 14, 2004 [resend]
whomren at coinlibrary.com
whomren at coinlibrary.com
Tue Nov 16 19:12:15 PST 2004
Welcome to The E-Sylum: Volume 7, Number 46, November 14, 2004:
an electronic publication of the Numismatic Bibliomania Society.
Copyright (c) 2004, The Numismatic Bibliomania Society.
THIS MAILING IS A RESEND OF THE LATEST EDITION
Some subscribers reported not receiving their issue.
It was originally mailed about Noon EST Monday, November
15.
ISSUE DELAYED AGAIN
The computer's feeling a little better, but unfortunately
this issue was delayed as well. We may need to switch to
a Monday morning publishing schedule for a while. Just keep
those submissions coming! -Editor
SUBSCRIBER UPDATE
Among recent new subscribers is Neil McCormick, courtesy of
Darryl Atchison. Welcome aboard! We now have 698
subscribers.
ASYLUM 25TH ANNIVERSARY EDITION
Dick Johnson writes: “The 25th Anniversary Issue of The
Asylum arrived last week and it has provided me perhaps
the best four hours of perusing, reading, viewing,
scanning, underlining, and note-taking I have enjoyed in
a long time. It is amazing how a modicum of ink can
transform paper into numismatic knowledge. This is, indeed,
a most useful reference work in our beloved field of
numismatic books.
Congratulations to all -- contributors, editors and to the
officers of the NBS. Gentlemen -- join hands, step forward
at stage center and take a collective bow. Please accept
the acclamation of the hundreds of NBS members who
undoubtedly join me in applauding your signal achievement
in issuing this special anniversary edition!”
[Absolutely a great issue, and Asylum Editor Tom Fort
deserves most of the credit for originating the concept,
recruiting articles, and seeing the project through to
completion.
Of particular interest to E-Sylum readers may be my own
contribution to the issue, an article documenting the
early days of The E-Sylum. –Editor]
JOHN BURNS SHOW SCHEDULE
Numismatic literature dealer John H. Burns writes: "I
will have a table at the following upcoming shows:
Nov 19-21, Cleveland, OH
Nov 26-28, Michigan State show, Dearborn, MI
Dec 3-5, Baltimore, MD
I will be offering numismatic books, auction catalogs,
pamphlets etc. and other works spanning from
17th-century antiquarian works to in-print Krause,
Bowers, Spinks and other titles. I can be contacted at
johnh.burns at verizon.net ."
CIVIL WAR GOLD SHOW AIRS NOVEMBER 17
In the U.S., the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) will
air a documentary on the S.S. Republic November 17th.
Titled "Civil War Gold," the show discusses the final hours,
discovery and recovery of the Civil War era steamship,
from which a hoard of gold coins has been recovered.
The National Geographic special airs at 8pm ET/PT.
1783 LIBERTAS AMERICANA PAMPHLET LOCATED
Regarding John Adams’ quest for a four page pamphlet,
published in 1783, describing the Libertas Americana
medal, Larry Lee writes: “The Bryon Reed Coin and
Manuscript Collection at the Durham Western Heritage
Museum in Omaha has a copy of the Dupre pamphlet. I
placed a reproduction of the pamphlet along with Reed's
Libertas Americana medal in the "Medals" display case
when I designed the gallery several years ago, and I
believe it is still on display.”
HOLED CENT A SLAVE COIN?
On November 13 the Free Lance-Star of Fredericksburg,
VA published an article about a holed large cent, which,
according to curators of the U.S. National Slavery Museum
scheduled to open in Fredericksburg in 2007, is a "slave
coin."
The article states that "masters gave the coins to slaves as
a reward for some small act of loyalty. Slaves apparently
made holes in the coins to wear them around their necks.
Damron said the museum is in the process of doing research
to learn more about the coins and the people linked to them.
The topic is one that is also of interest to archaeologists, who
have varying theories about their meaning and significance."
The cent, discovered some time ago near a creek bank,
is being donated to the museum. It will be the second one
in the museum's collection.
The first came from Gerald Foster, a volunteer scholar in
residence with the museum and husband of the executive
director. He said the 1846 coin was passed down through
the family from his great-grandfather Elijah Chisolm.
Foster found the coin about five years ago as he was looking
through a box of coins saved by his family. He asked family
members and acquaintances about the piece to learn about
its history.
He presumes Chisolm--who was born about 1858 or 1860
-- was a slave, but he has not yet been able to document
that as fact."
[We've discussed slave badges before, but is anyone aware
of references to the wearing of holed coins by slaves in
numismatic literature or elsewhere? -Editor]
http://www.fredericksburg.com/News/FLS/2004/112004/11132004/1562175
CORRECTION: PLATES FOUND IN CHARLESTON, SC
Regarding last week’s item about the discovery of
early paper money printing plates, Michael Bailey
writes: “Not to nitpick, but that was Charleston
*SOUTH* Carolina. Although I am but a recently-
relocated resident here, I can tell you that the
denizens of this fine place exhibit a fierce local
pride.”
[OOPS. Sorry for the confusion. Often in our rush
to get an issue out we miss errors that might
otherwise get caught. I can’t call it a typo, but
an old colleague had a name for it – a “brain-o”.
-Editor]
JAPAN’S FIRST FORMAL PORTRAIT OF A WOMAN
Writing in response to our excerpts from a November 2
New York Times article, Joe Boling writes:
“The New York Times is showing its ignorance again,
parroting the statement that has also appeared in other
sources that the new Japanese banknotes feature the
"first formal portrait of a woman on a Japanese bank
note." Few numismatists are unaware of the so-called
"princess" notes of the 1880s, which bore a VERY formal
portrait of the Empress Regent Jingu (170-269). That
same resolute woman appears in warrior garb on the
back of the ten yen note of 1873.
In addition, there have been scattered women in scenes
on other notes. More recently, on the back of the
current 2000 yen note is a small portrait of Murasaki
Shikibu (978-1015?), most famously known as the author
of the Genji Monogatari (and many other prominent
works).
FREEDOM TOWER “COINS” RULED A FRAUD
The Advocate of Southern Connecticut reported on
November 10 that “A judge yesterday found the National
Collector's Mint engaged in deceptive advertising while
trying to sell coins allegedly made of pure silver
recovered from the World Trade Center site, New York
Attorney General Eliot Spitzer said.
New York state Supreme Court Justice Joseph Cannizzaro
f Albany County ruled that the coin company, based in
Port Chester, N.Y., and operated by Avram Freedberg of
Stamford, engaged in fraud, false advertising and
deceptive business practices in the marketing of the
2004 Freedom Tower Silver Dollar.
The coin is ostensibly designed to commemorate the Sept.
11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center.
Spitzer had obtained a temporary court order last month
prohibiting the sales and marketing of the coin during
the lawsuit.
Yesterday, Cannizzaro permanently enjoined National
Collector's Mint from engaging in the fraudulent and
deceptive practices it was accused of. Penalties and
refunds to consumers will be decided in court next month.”
To read the full story, which is based in part on an
Associated Press report, see:
http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/news/local/scn-sa-coin4nov10,0,7524012.story
CANADIAN FUNDRAISING EFFORT FOR TOPHAM’S VICTORIA CROSS
In previous issues we have discussed sales of the
rare Victoria Cross medal (see The E-Sylum v7n17,
for example, which discusses the medal awarded to
Cpl. Filip Konowal, a Ukrainian immigrant to Canada.
On November 8 the Canadian Press published a story
about the upcoming auction of the Victoria Cross
awarded to another Canadian, Cpl. Fred Topham, “a
former hard-rock miner from Toronto.”
“Topham earned the Commonwealth's highest military
award for valour when he dashed headlong into enemy
fire to save the lives of dozens of wounded soldiers
in Germany on March 24, 1945.”
“Topham's Victoria Cross is one of only 16 awarded
to Canadians in the Second World War and the only
one earned by the 6th Airborne Division, despite
its record of heavy fighting. It's billed as the
second-last Victoria Cross awarded to a Canadian
in the Second World War.
The medal has attracted the attention of a wealthy
collector who's offered $319,000, but the family has
agreed to sell it to the 1st Canadian Parachute
Battalion Association if it can raise $275,000 by
the end of the year.
Those involved in the campaign say the medal,
appraised at $250,000, must not be lost.
"This is a piece of Canadiana which is never going
to be replicated,” says Capt. Charles (Chick)
McGregor.”
To read the full story, see:
http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1099932327469_95341527/
SILVER STAR MEDAL AWARDED TO IRAQ SOLDIER
On November 11, 2004 the Des Moines Register published
an article about a native son who received the Silver
Star medal for valor under fire in Iraq.
“With bullets and rocket-propelled grenades zinging
around him, Patrick Jordan, 24, helped rescue 20 soldiers
pinned down in a Baghdad alley last spring and then, by
thinking fast, saved six soldiers after their Humvee
broke down under heavy fire.
Six years earlier, both Valley High School and North
High School had kicked Jordan out of school for having
"no personal drive," he said. He got his diploma from
Walnut Creek alternative high school in 1998 and joined
the Army 17 days later "to try to do something with my
life." Last month, the Army awarded Jordan the Silver
Star, the nation's third-highest wartime award.
"It's rare," said an Army spokesman, Lt. Col. Kevin Arata,
adding that only 160 soldiers received the medal between
Sept. 11, 2001, and this summer. "It's something that
says a lot about an individual."
During the four-hour journey, Jordan stuck his head out
the tank hatch, firing more than 400 rounds, hitting
20 to 30 rebels. He doesn't remember feeling fear, even
when his tank was hit six times by rocket-propelled
grenades. "You get mad and you get frustrated and you
turn around and make sure the guy next to you is OK. I
was more worried about making a mistake and putting my
tank in the wrong position."
"I might've got the Silver Star, but we're all heroes,"
said Jordan, who has since been promoted to staff
sergeant.
"Everyone who served. They're all heroes. No matter
what war they fought in or if it was peacetime. They
took time out of their lives to serve. Not everybody
does that."”
http://desmoinesregister.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20041111/NEWS11/411110407/1001/NEWS
QUIZ QUIZ: ROSCOE STAPLES
It should be noted that an earlier Silver Star awardee
was numismatist Roscoe E. Staples, who was killed in
action in the South Pacific August 2, 1943.
QUICK QUIZ: Who was Staples, and what does he
have in common with numismatists David Proskey,
H.G. Sampson, Lorin Parmelee, Charles Steigerwalt,
Dr. Thomas Hall, Virgil Brand, B. G. Johnson and
James Kelly?
NATIONAL TREASURE: THE RIDICULOUS PREMISE
Regarding last week’s item about the upcoming film
“National Treasure,” Dave Lange writes: “I suppose
there's nothing profound in noting that the entire
premise of this movie is ridiculous. Anyone who has
done some reading about the Founding Fathers' struggle
to finance the revolution, repay America's resulting
debts and establish the nation's credit will laugh
at the notion that this wealth would have been
squirreled away. Any such treasure would have been
drawn upon immediately.”
[I am shocked, SHOCKED! to learn that a Hollywood
film plays loosely with historical facts. One can
only cringe at the forthcoming garbled explanations
of the symbolism on our currency in the name of
entertainment. Still, any publicity to the general
public that makes more people actually LOOK at their
money is probably a good thing. Thursday evening I
learned another plot detail from a television promo –
that the time shown on the clock atop Philadelphia’s
Independence Hall is significant. So, can any of our
sharp-eyed readers tell us the time? More importantly,
has the time changed as the design evolved over the
years? One of the numerous holes in the film’s plot
is undoubtedly the fact that many subtle changes are
made over the years to the engraved images on our
currency, such as the “disappearing fingers” of Andrew
Jackson on the $20 bill. Any clues placed there by
government employees could well be obliterated in the
march of time. –Editor]
DEPARTMENT STORE COIN SHOPS: TOUGH TO MAKE THE RENT
Regarding our earlier discussions of coin shops in
Department stores, Henry Bergos writes: “Gimbels
Coin stores used to be owned by Friedberg. When we
were friends he told me that when he closed them he
reduced his gross income by about 90% and increased
his net by about 50%. Overhead ate him alive. I used
to go to the one in downtown Brooklyn with a friend
of mine when I was a kid. They didn't do enough
business to make it worth while.”
Larry Gaye writes: “The wonderful old Hudson's
department store (all thirteen stories) on Woodward
Ave. in Detroit had a superb coin department in their
mezzanine. This store was where everyone went to shop
for everything because there was no place else to shop
except downtown as there were no malls. People still
lived in the city and the suburbs were just starting.
You had to take the bus downtown as most people only
had one car. The reason for this is that only the
father worked and you did your shopping on Saturday.
It was a major treat to go downtown and you had to
dress for the occasion even if traveling by city bus.
I can remember early in my numismatic career seeing
coins and other numismatic material there that other
coin shops didn't carry. Purchases there included
uncirculated 100 Ruble Notes of Nicholas II for .50
each, and you could get consecutive serial numbers to
boot. Another purchase was my first commemorative half,
a Colombian Half dollar in AU for .75, I should have
sprung for the UNC, it was only a buck; at age 7 or 8
a dollar was hard to come by.
I will never forget the place. The entire building was
demolished a few years ago and with it a lot of dreams.
Incidentally, Hudson's was the place for the Thanksgiving
Parade every year and going to that parade was a real
treat.
The second department store is here in Portland, Meier
and Frank. They had a coin shop in their downtown store.
It was quite a good shop though I wasn't in Portland soon
enough to take advantage of it. I believe the coin shop
closed around ten years ago. The store is going strong.”
Pete Smith writes: “Please allow me to participate in the
discussion of department store coin shops. Although I
believe some of this is "common knowledge" among
bibliophiles, some may learn from it.
Robert Friedberg (1912-1963) established a coin department
at Gimbels in New York. Gradually he expanded to shops in
other Gimbels branches plus other department stores until
his network covered 38 states. He also established the
Coins and Currency Institute. At the time of his death he
employed 125 people. Thus many of the leased department
shops were related.
There is a literature connection. It is my understanding
that generic price lists were produced and then overprinted
with the name of the local department store. I have not
seen enough on the secondary market to confirm this. I
don't know if most were discarded or if there is not
enough interest to list them in literature sales.
On to Mark Borckardt's comments on Howard Newcomb. Newcomb
retired in 1927 which I believe is too early for department
store coin shops. Newcomb, Endicott & Co. was absorbed
into Hudson's Store in Detroit. Hudson's later merged with
Dayton's in Minneapolis. Dayton's spun off a discount chain
called Target. After Target outgrew Dayton's, the company
name was changed to Target Corporation and the department
stores became Marshall-Fields branches. Then Target sold
off the non-productive department store subsidiary. In
effect the child divorced the parent.
Dayton's had a coin department that I visited in the 1960s.
I think the shop remained there quite a while. I may have
bought supplies there but couldn't afford their coins.”
BLIND COIN DEALER MONTE MENSING
Regarding blind collectors, Larry Gaye writes: “There is
a very active blind coin dealer (be nice, I know what you
are all thinking) here in Oregon. Monte Mensing has
been an active collector and dealer for many years and is
a major dealer in the mid Willamette Valley here in Oregon.
Monte didn't lose his sight till around age thirteen. He
suffers from macular degeneration and has a lot of help
in his shop from sighted folk. He can see some up close
and is passionate about coins. His memory is fantastic.”
THE THICKEST NUMISMATIC PERIODICALS
J. C. Spilman writes: “I see that the thickest/thinnest
contest is still alive and well and thought I would
add my tuppence worth regarding The Colonial Newsletter
(CNL) which currently requires about eight volumes for
binding and has a total of 3096 printed pages including
various inserts and the cumulative index. The current
cumulative page number is 2773 but that does not include
several issues that had their own integral page
numbering system such as the review edition of Dr. Phil
Mossman's book "Money . . . " (CNL-74) which contains
196 pages plus xii but is indexed in the cumulative
index as a single page number 964, and several others
of like ilk.”
[Were we to make this a formal contest, periodicals
would doubtless be given separate categories of their
own, such as maximum number of pages per year and
cumulative number of pages since inception. In my own
library, that award would go to the American Numismatic
Associations’ Numismatist magazine, which spans over
eighteen shelf feet. Worldwide there are likely several
periodicals which best the Numismatists’ cumulative
total. What is the longest continually published
numismatic periodical, and the one with the most
cumulative pages published since inception? -Editor]
CANADIAN SALE CATALOGUE HELP SOUGHT
Darryl Atchison writes: "Could you please ask our readers
for some help on my behalf? I am trying to confirm the
existence of several Canadian numismatic auction sale
catalogues. These were all listed by Ray Malone in 1995
but I have not seen them.
Charlton Auctions or Charlton International Inc.
or Charlton Numismatics
May 25, 1984
Frank Rose
September 13, 1975
September 20, 1975
May 1, 1976
Chuck Moore Auctions
February 18, 1977
January 13, 1978
June 3, 1978
January 8, 1979
March 11, 1983
January 25, 1985
If any of our readers have any of these sales, please let
me know at atchisondf at hotmail.com Thank you very much."
VOCABULARY WORD: CHREMATOPHOBIA
E-Sylum readers love words, and we occasionally feature
unusual numismatically-related words. In the November/
December issue of PAPER MONEY, the official journal of the
Society of Paper Money Collectors, editor Fred L. Reed III
writes: “I thought I knew it all, but I learned a new word
recently: Chrematophobia (fear of money). It seems
futurists are the principal sufferers of this malady.
Their phobic crystal balls forsee imminent demise of money
(as we knew it and collected it in our lifetimes).
Electronic blips will replace cash, checks, credits and
the other stuff of which our collections are comprised.
Since it’s hard to collect blips, I for one am glad I’m
inoculated against Chrematophobia, aren’t you?”
AMERICAN COLLECTORS WHO SERVED IN THE CIVIL WAR
David Fanning, Editor-in-Chief of our print journal, The
Asylum, has a nice article in the November 2004 issue of
the American Numismatic Association’s Numismatist magazine
on “Collectors Who Served in the Civil War’. The article
discusses the military service of several early U.S. coin
dealers and collectors, including John Haseltine, Edouard
Frossard, Lyman Low, Ebenezer Locke Mason, Joseph N.T.
Levick, George Massamore, Richard Davids, Mark Collet &
William Bramhall. Philadelphia physician Mark Collet was
killed in 1863 at the Battle of Chancellorsville; Davids
died the same year on the second day of the Battle of
Gettysburg.
UPSETTING MACHINES: HOW AND WHY
Dick Johnson writes: “I accept Chris Faulkner’s request
for information on the upsetting machine. We cannot say
it was invented, it was more like "developed." But we
do know who should receive credit – Matthew Boulton!
If there is one person who was responsible for modern
coins and coining technology it was Matthew Boulton.
Every numismatist should build a shrine to this one man
-- we would not have modern coins, or perhaps, modern
numismatics -- without this manufacturing genius. (I will
put his picture on my wall next to Leonard Forrer who is
my hero for compiling a directory of world coin and medal
artists, what I am trying to do for American artists).
[And a thank you also, to Dick Doty for his fantastic 1998
book on Matthew Boulton "The Soho Mint" – Dick, send me
your picture, I’ll put it next to the others!]
Before Matthew Boulton, coins were essentially struck on
the manual screw presses. Blanks were fed by hand one at
a time. I won’t say it was a slow process, I was amazed
to learn they could strike as many as 20 to 30 a minute!,
as several men swung the arms of the screw press around
and back while the "coin setter" retrieved the struck coin
and inserted the next blank. They had great rhythm!
Boulton took his partner James Watt’s invention, the
steam engine, eliminated the men swinging the arms and
applied steam power to the screw press. Boulton learned
of Jean Pierre Droz’s (and Gengembre’s) invention at the
Paris Mint of an automatic feed and delivery system which
could be attached to the screw press. Boulton hired Droz
in 1790 for his Soho Mint in Birmingham (Droz makes
improvements, engraved some dies, but returns to France
nine years later).
Existing blanks at first jammed the press (imagine those,
mint error collectors!) They needed blanks in quantity
that were uniform and perfectly round for automatic feed.
Cause of the trouble were the burrs around the trailing
edge of the blank from the blanking die shearing through
the metal strip.
At first they hired young Birmingham boys, even 8 to 10
years old, to put a handful of blanks in a leather bag
and shake the hell out of the bag. The blanks knocked
against each other and "deburred" the edges. Remember
this is the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, so
they had to find a better IR way. They did this by
putting more blanks in a barrel and rotated the barrel
a process similar today called "barrel tumbling"
which is speeded up by adding steel balls smaller than
the blanks so they can be sieved out later]. This action
also deburrs the blanks.
By 1797 Boulton’s team had developed a machine he called
a "rimmer" – still called that in England today – here in
the colonies we call it an "upsetting machine." [I like the
British term better, but rimmer sounds too much like an
erotic toy for Americans to widely accept the term.]
Boulton’s rimmer did five things: removed the burrs,
smoothes the edge, rounds the edge, made the blanks
perfectly round, and thicken the edge.
Modern upsetting machines still do these five things. Mint
error collectors call blanks before upsetting "type 1" after
upsetting "type 2." Type 1 blanks are fed into an upsetting
machine and they travel in a channel on a spiral track
through ever smaller and smaller walls which forces the
blank’s diameter to become less and less. The metal at the
edge builds up on both surfaces, thus making the blank
thicker around the circumference (ideal for raised rim
coins!).
To answer your second question, Chris, who else uses
upsetting machines? I live near the Naugutuck Valley of
Connecticut where machine shops and metalworking plants are
on every block in every industrial area. I should ask some
of these. But the obvious answers are anything that is
"coined," that is stuck between dies at room temperature:
Buttons, small parts, washers, rings, the list is lengthy.
Some odd shaped parts are coined from round blanks because
of the ease and speed of striking these, then trimmed to
shape afterwards.
I learned of the upsetting machine close up when Medallic
Art Company bought its first coining press in 1967. We
bought the press in Germany, but upsetting machines are made
in England (okay, rimmers!) and we couldn’t get one right
away. My boss, Bill Louth, happened to mention this to Eva
Adams, then Director of the U.S. Mint. "We got some we’re
not using," she said, "I’ll lend you one." Sure enough,
until a new one came from England, we used a U.S. Mint
upsetting machine for upsetting blanks to strike medals!
The first of these were the Illinois Sesquicentennial
Medal of 1968 in silver dollar size."
STUDENTS STUDY ROMAN COIN COMPOSITION
Arthur Shippee forwarded a link to an article about two
Indiana high school seniors bringing together Roman
numismatics and science for a science fair project:
“Clay High School seniors Andrew Betson, left, and Christo
Sevov hold ancient Roman coins Thursday morning. The two
are regional finalists for the Siemens Westinghouse Math,
Science and Technology competition. They will travel to
Austin, Texas, next weekend to present their project.
Betson and Sevov determined the element composition of
Roman coins and correlated the results with the decline
of the empire.”
"What we did," Betson explained, "was determine the
composition of the coins as a way of tracking the fluency
of Roman society."
“Betson and Sevov said they were able to observe a
correlation between good and bad Roman times based on the
elemental composition and date of each coin.
Using X-ray fluorescence technology at the University of
Notre Dame, Betson and Sevov discovered that the earlier
coins made during a strong Roman economy were minted with
pure silver.
As the economy and empire began to decline about A.D. 300,
cheaper materials such as copper and zinc were being used
to mint money. The two even found the poisonous element of
arsenic in some of the later coins.”
"I have always loved history," said Betson, who is
considering attending either Bowdoin College in Maine or
Brown University in Rhode Island next year. "I wanted to
combine history with physics."
To read the full article in the South Bend Tribune, see:
http://tinyurl.com/44yc5
DUMB AND DUMBER: ROBBERS AND COPS
Usually it’s the activities of dumb bank robbers we
read about. Now the police are losing a few I.Q.
points, too.
This week Reuters reported that “An Albany man turned
himself into police after seeing himself on TV news
robbing a bank but was turned away by officers who
told him to come back the next day, police said on
Tuesday. Albany resident Darrell Lewis, 40,
surrendered to police hours after his Nov. 1 holdup
of a downtown bank but was told to come back the next
day to be arrested.
Lewis went to a different station the following day
and was charged with robbery...”
To read the full article, see:
http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?storyID=6772419
FEATURED WEB SITE
This week's featured web site is suggested by Larry
Mitchell. “The Artistry of African Currency” is an
online catalogue of an exhibit displayed at the
Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
March 12–July 23, 2000:
http://www.nmafa.si.edu/exhibits/site/index.htm
Wayne Homren
Numismatic Bibliomania Society
The Numismatic Bibliomania Society is a
non-profit organization promoting numismatic
literature. For more information please see
our web site at http://www.coinbooks.org/
There is a membership application available on
the web site. To join, print the application and
return it with your check to the address printed
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addresses in North America, $20 elsewhere.
For those without web access, write to W. David
Perkins, NBS Secretary-Treasurer,
P.O. Box 3888, Littleton, CO 80161-3888.
For Asylum mailing address changes and other
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